11.02.202327.05.2017

Calculation of sound insulation of a 76mm thick partition
with double glazing with silicate glass 6 mm thick each.

f B = 6000/h (Hz); f

We get:
f B = 1000 Hz
f C = 2000 Hz
RB = 35 dB
Rc = 29 dB

f p according to the formula:

m = j*h, kg/m²

m \u003d 2500 * 0.006 \u003d 15 kg / m2
Frequency value f

In this case, A1 = E.
At frequency f p = 80 Hz, we find the point F, which, in accordance with the SP, should be 4 dB below the corresponding ordinate of the line A1 B1 C1 D1, RF = 19 dB.
At frequency 8 f p - 630 Hz (three octaves above the resonance frequency) we find the point K with the ordinate
RK = RF + H = 19 + 24.56 = 43.56 dB, which we connect to point F. H = 24.56 dB is determined according to Table 13 of SP 23-103-2003, depending on the gap between the glasses.
f B \u003d 1000 Hz (parallel to the auxiliary line A1 B1 C1 D1), RL \u003d 46.56 dB. The excess of the KL segment above the auxiliary line A1 B1 C1 D1 gives us the correction value ΔR2 = 7.06 dB.
From point L to frequency 1.25 f
At frequency f
RN = 33.5 + 7.06 = 40.56 dB

In our case, the sum of unfavorable deviations significantly exceeds 32 dB and is equal to 183.28 dB. So we shift the estimated curve down by 10 dB and then the sum of unfavorable deviations will be 27.02, which is less than 32 dB:

The value of the Rw index is taken as the ordinate of the downward-shifted evaluation curve in a one-third octave band with a geometric mean frequency of 500 Hz. In our case, Rw = 42 dB.

Calculation of sound insulation of a 72mm thick partition with double glazing with silicate glass 6mm thick each.

The frequency response of airborne sound insulation by a building envelope, consisting of two thin sheets with an air gap between it, with the same thickness of the sheets, is built in the following sequence:

A) The frequency response of airborne sound insulation with one sheet is built - the auxiliary line ABCD. The coordinates of points B and C are determined according to table 11 from SP 23-103-2003: f B = 6000/h (Hz); f C \u003d 12000 / h (Hz), where h is the thickness of the glass, mm.
We get:
f B = 1000 Hz
f C = 2000 Hz
RB = 35 dB
Rc = 29 dB
From point B we draw segment BA to the left with a slope of 4.5 dB per octave. And from point C to the right - segment CD with a slope of 7.5 dB per octave:

b) We build an auxiliary line A1 B1 C1 D1 by adding corrections ΔR1 to the ordinates of the ABCD line according to table 12 from SP 23-103-2003. In our case, mgen /m1 =2. So ΔR1 = 4.5 dB. We build an auxiliary line A1 B1 C1 D1 4.5 dB above the ABCD line.
c) Determine the resonance frequency of the structure f p according to the formula:

where m is the surface density of glass, kg/m2,
d is the thickness of the air gap, m.
Surface density of glass:
m = j*h, kg/m²
where j is the density of silicate glass 2500 kg/m³; h is the glass thickness.
m \u003d 2500 * 0.006 \u003d 15 kg / m2
Frequency value f p is rounded to the nearest geometric mean
one-third octave band frequencies. Rounding ranges - see Table 9 of SP 23-103-2003.

Up to a frequency of 0.8fp inclusive, the frequency response of the sound insulation of the structure coincides with the auxiliary line A1 B1 C1 D1 - section A1 E.
At frequency f p \u003d 100 Hz, we find the point F, which, in accordance with the joint venture, should be 4 dB below the corresponding ordinate of the line A1 B1 C1 D1, RF \u003d 20.5 dB.
At frequency 8 f p - 800 Hz (three octaves higher than the resonance frequency) we find the point K with the ordinate
RK = RF + H = 20.5 + 24.4 = 44.9 dB, which we connect to point F. H = 24.4 dB is determined according to Table 13 of SP 23-103-2003, depending on the gap between the glasses.
From point K we draw a segment KL with a slope of 4.5 dB per octave to the frequency f B = 1000 Hz (parallel to auxiliary line A1 B1 C1 D1 ), RL = 46.4 dB. The excess of the KL segment above the auxiliary line A1 B1 C1 D1 gives us the correction value ΔR2 = 6.9 dB.
From point L to frequency 1.25 f In (to the next one-third octave band) a horizontal segment LM is drawn.
At frequency f With we find point N by adding to the value of the auxiliary line A1 B1 C1 D1 corrections ΔR2 (i.e. RN = RC1 + ΔR2) and connect to point M.
RN = 33.5 + 6.9 = 40.4 dB
Next, we draw a segment NP with a slope of 7.5 dB per octave.
The broken line EFKLMNP represents the frequency response of the airborne sound insulation of this partition.
The airborne sound insulation index Rw, dB, of a given office partition is determined by comparing this frequency response with the evaluation curve given in table 4, paragraph 1 of SP 23-103-2003.
To determine the airborne sound insulation index Rw it is necessary to determine the amount of unfavorable deviations of a given frequency response from the estimated curve. Downward deviations from the estimated curve are considered unfavorable.
If the sum of unfavorable deviations exceeds 32 dB, the estimated
the curve is shifted down by an integer number of decibels so that the sum of unfavorable deviations does not exceed the specified value.
In our case, the sum of unfavorable deviations significantly exceeds 32 dB and is equal to 196.09 dB. So we shift the estimated curve down by 11 dB and then the sum of unfavorable deviations will be 26.38, which is less than 32 dB:

The value of the Rw index is taken as the ordinate of the downward-shifted evaluation curve in a one-third octave band with a geometric mean frequency of 500 Hz. In our case, Rw = 41 dB.

Calculation of sound insulation of a 42mm thick partition wall with double glazing with silicate glass 6mm thick each.

Up to a frequency of 0.8fp inclusive, the frequency response of the sound insulation of the structure coincides with the auxiliary line A1 B1 C1 D1 - section A1 E.
At frequency f p = 125 Hz, we find the point F, which, in accordance with the joint venture, should be 4 dB below the corresponding ordinate of the line A1 B1 C1 D1, RF = 22 dB.
At frequency 8 f p - 1000 Hz (three octaves higher than the resonance frequency) we find the point K with the ordinate
RK = RF + H = 22 + 22.4 = 44.4 dB, which we connect to point F. H = 22.4 dB is determined according to Table 13 of SP 23-103-2003, depending on the gap between the glasses.
In this case, the points K and L coincided. The excess of point K above the auxiliary line A1 B1 C1 D1 gives us the correction value ΔR2 = 4.9 dB.
K-point to frequency 1.25 f In (to the next one-third octave band) a horizontal segment KM is drawn.
At frequency f With we find point N by adding to the value of the auxiliary line A1 B1 C1 D1 corrections ΔR2 (i.e. RN = RC1 + ΔR2) and connect to point M.
RN = 33.5 + 4.9 = 38.4 dB
Next, we draw a segment NP with a slope of 7.5 dB per octave.
The broken line EFKMNP represents the frequency response of the airborne sound insulation of a given partition.
The airborne sound insulation index Rw, dB, of a given office partition is determined by comparing this frequency response with the evaluation curve given in table 4, paragraph 1 of SP 23-103-2003.
To determine the airborne sound insulation index Rw, it is necessary to determine the sum of unfavorable deviations of a given frequency response from the estimated curve. Downward deviations from the estimated curve are considered unfavorable.
If the sum of unfavorable deviations exceeds 32 dB, the estimated
the curve is shifted down by an integer number of decibels so that the sum of unfavorable deviations does not exceed the specified value.
In our case, the sum of unfavorable deviations significantly exceeds 32 dB and is equal to 221.93 dB. So we shift the estimated curve down by 13 dB and then the sum of unfavorable deviations will be 23.54, which is less than 32 dB:

The value of the Rw index is taken as the ordinate of the downward-shifted evaluation curve in a one-third octave band with a geometric mean frequency of 500 Hz. In our case, Rw = 39 dB.

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The system of regulatory documents in construction

SET OF RULES
FOR DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION

SOUND PROOFING DESIGN
ENVELOPED STRUCTURES
RESIDENTIAL AND PUBLIC BUILDINGS

SP 23-103-2003

STATE COMMITTEE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
FOR CONSTRUCTION AND HOUSING AND UTILITY COMPLEX
(GOSSTROY OF RUSSIA)

Moscow

2004

FOREWORD

1 DEVELOPED by the Research Institute of Building Physics (NIISF RAASN) (candidates of technical sciences Klimukhin A.A., Angelov V.L., Shubin I.L.), Moscow Research and Design Institute of Typology, Experimental Design (Eng. Lalaev E.M., Fedorov N.N.) with the participation of the Central Research and Design Institute for Standard and Experimental Design of a Dwelling (TsNIIEP Dwelling) (Candidate of Technical Sciences Kreytan V.G.) and Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (MGSU) (candidate of technical sciences Gerasimov A.I.)

INTRODUCED by the Department of technical regulation, standardization and certification in construction and housing and communal services of the Gosstroy of Russia

3 INSTEAD OF Guidelines for the calculation and design of sound insulation of enclosing structures of buildings

Introduction. 2

1 regulatory requirements for sound insulation of enclosing structures. 2

2 method for determining the airborne sound insulation index rw, index of reduced impact noise level ln.w., soundproofing of external fences ra trans, dba.. 6

3 calculation of sound insulation of internal enclosing structures of residential and public buildings. 12

4 design of enclosing structures that provide standard sound insulation .. 34

Intermediate floors. 35

Internal walls and partitions. 37

Joints and knots.. 37

Elements of enclosing structures associated with engineering equipment .. 39

INTRODUCTION

This Code of Practice is a further development of the instructive and regulatory documentation on the calculation and design of sound insulation of building fences. He supplements and clarifies a number of provisions contained in SNiP 23-03-2003 "Protection from noise", and also gives a number of specific examples on the calculation and design of sound insulation of building envelopes.

Particular attention should be paid to the fact that in connection with the introduction in SNiP 23-03-2003 "Protection from noise" of a new system for assessing sound insulation, corresponding to the standard 717 of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), there has been a change in the numerical values of airborne sound insulation indices and indices of reduced levels of impact noise, determined according to SNiP II-12-77, and, accordingly, all calculations are adjusted for new index values.

In order to be able to compare with the new sound insulation rating system the data given in the technical literature in the previously used sound insulation characteristics, the following ratios should be used:

Rw= I in + 2 dB;

Lnw =I y - 7 dB,

Where Rw And Lnw - index values according to the new SNiP;

I in and I y - index values according to SNiP II-12-77.

SP 23-103-2003

CODE OF RULES FOR DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION

DESIGN OF SOUND INSULATION OF ENVELOPES
STRUCTURES OF RESIDENTIAL AND PUBLIC BUILDINGS

PROJECTION OF SOUND INSULATION OF SEPARATING CONSTRUCTIONS
IN DOMESTIC AND PUBLIC BUILDINGS

1 REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR SOUND INSULATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL STRUCTURES

1.1 Standardized parameters of sound insulation of internal enclosing structures of residential and public buildings, as well as auxiliary buildings of industrial enterprises are indices of airborne noise insulation by enclosing structures Rw, dB, and indices of the reduced level of impact noise Lnw, dB (for floors).

The normalized parameter of sound insulation of external enclosing structures (including windows, glazing) is sound insulation R A tran, dBA, which is the insulation of external noise produced by the flow of urban transport.

1.2 Normative values of airborne sound insulation indices by internal enclosing structures Rw and indices of reduced impact noise level Lnw for residential, public buildings, as well as for auxiliary buildings of industrial enterprises are given in table 1 for categories of buildings A, B and C.

Set of rules
Noise protection and room acoustics.
Updated edition of SNiP 23-03-2003

1 area of use
These norms and rules establish mandatory requirements that must be met in the design, construction and operation of buildings for various purposes, planning and development of populated areas in order to protect against noise and ensure the standard parameters of the acoustic environment in industrial, residential, public buildings and in residential areas.
2 Normative references
In these rules and regulations, references are made to the following regulatory documents:
GOST 12.1.023-80 SSBT. Noise. Methods for establishing the values of noise characteristics of stationary machines
GOST 17187-81 Sound level meters. General technical requirements and test methods
GOST 27296-87 Noise protection in construction. Sound insulation of enclosing structures of buildings. Measurement methods
SNiP 2.07.01-89 Urban planning. Planning and development of urban and rural settlements
SP 23-103-2003 Design of soundproofing of enclosing structures of residential and public buildings
3 Terms and definitions
Terms with corresponding definitions used in these rules and regulations are given in Appendix A.
4 General provisions
4.1 Noise protection by building acoustic methods should be ensured by:
a) at workplaces of industrial enterprises:
- rational from an acoustic point of view, the solution of the master plan of the facility, rational architectural and planning solution of buildings;
- the use of enclosing structures of buildings with the required sound insulation;
- the use of sound-absorbing structures (sound-absorbing linings, wings, piece absorbers);
- the use of soundproof observation and remote control booths;
- the use of soundproof casings on noisy units;
- use of acoustic screens;
- the use of noise suppressors in ventilation systems, air conditioning and in aerogasdynamic installations;
- vibration isolation of process equipment;
b) in the premises of residential and public buildings:
- rational architectural and planning solution of the building;
- the use of enclosing structures that provide standard sound insulation;
- the use of sound-absorbing linings (in the premises of public buildings);

- vibration isolation of engineering and sanitary equipment of buildings;
c) on the territory of residential development:
- observance of sanitary protection zones (according to the noise factor) of industrial and energy enterprises, roads and railways, airports, transport enterprises (marshalling yards, tram depots, bus depots);
- application of rational methods of planning and development of residential quarters and districts;
- the use of noise-protective buildings;
- the use of roadside noise screens;
- the use of noise protection strips of green spaces.
4.2 Acoustic improvement, creation of optimal acoustic conditions in auditoriums, auditoriums of theaters, cinemas, palaces of culture, sports halls, waiting rooms and operating rooms of railway, air and bus stations should be provided:
- rational space-planning solution of the hall (volume, ratio of linear dimensions);
- the use of sound-absorbing materials and structures;
- the use of sound-reflecting and sound-diffusing structures;
- the use of enclosing structures that provide the required sound insulation from internal and external noise sources;
- the use of noise suppressors in forced ventilation and air conditioning systems;
- the use of sound amplification, warning and information transmission systems.
4.3 The projects should provide for noise protection measures:
- in the section "Technological solutions" (for manufacturing enterprises), when choosing technological equipment, preference should be given to low-noise equipment, the noise characteristics of which are established in accordance with GOST 12.1.023. The placement of technological equipment should be carried out taking into account the reduction of noise at workplaces in the premises and on the territories through the use of rational architectural and planning solutions;
- in the section "Construction solutions" (for industrial enterprises), on the basis of the acoustic calculation of the expected noise at the workplace, if necessary, construction and acoustic measures to protect against noise should be calculated and designed;
- in the section "Architectural and construction solutions" of housing and civil construction projects, based on the calculation of the sound insulation of the enclosing structures of buildings, their design solutions should be justified;
- in the section "Engineering equipment", based on the calculation of vibration and sound insulation of engineering equipment, the relevant design solutions should be justified.
4.4 The section "Protection from noise" should be included in the design urban planning documentation for the planning and development of cities, towns, rural settlements, as well as individual microdistricts of cities in accordance with SNiP 2.07.01.
This section should include:
- at the stage of technical and economic foundations for the development of the city (feasibility study), the master plan of the city, settlement: noise maps of the road network, railways, water and air transport, industrial zones and individual industrial and energy facilities;
- at the stage of the city industrial zone planning project and the master plan of the group of enterprises: noise maps of industrial enterprises, architectural and planning and construction and acoustic measures to reduce the impact of noise on the residential area;
- at the stage of the project of a detailed planning of the city district: noise maps on the territory, calculations of the expected noise at the facades of buildings (residential, administrative, preschool institutions, schools, hospitals,), at recreation areas; types and location of noise-protective buildings on main streets; installation of noise barriers on sections of high-speed roads; installation of noise protection strips of green spaces; the use of noise-protective windows on the facades of buildings facing the main streets.
4.5 Acoustic calculation should be carried out in the following sequence:
- identification of noise sources and determination of their noise characteristics;
- selection of points in the premises and on the territories for which it is necessary to carry out the calculation (calculated points);
- determination of noise propagation paths from the source (sources) to the calculated points and sound energy losses along each of the paths (reduction due to distance, shielding, sound insulation of enclosing structures, sound absorption, etc.);
- determination of expected noise levels at design points;
- determination of the required reduction in noise levels based on a comparison of expected noise levels with acceptable values;
- development of measures to ensure the required noise reduction;
- verification calculation of the expected noise levels at the design points, taking into account the implementation of construction and acoustic measures.
4.6 Acoustic calculation should be carried out according to sound pressure levels L, dB, in eight octave frequency bands with geometric mean frequencies of 63, 125, 250, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000 and 8000 Hz or according to sound levels according to frequency correction "A" L A , dBA . The calculation is carried out with an accuracy of tenths of a decibel, the final result is rounded up to integer values.
4.7 In noise protection projects, the technical and economic indicators of the decisions taken should be determined.
4.8 Sound-proof, sound-absorbing, vibration-damping materials used in projects must have the appropriate fire and hygiene certificates.
5 Noise sources and their noise characteristics
5.1 The main source of noise in buildings for various purposes is technological and engineering equipment.
The noise characteristics of technological and engineering equipment that create constant noise are sound power levels L w , dB, in eight octave frequency bands with geometric mean frequencies of 63-8000 Hz (octave sound power levels), and equipment that creates intermittent noise - equivalent sound levels power L w equiv and maximum sound power levels L w max in eight octave frequency bands.
5.2 Noise characteristics of technological and engineering equipment should be contained in its technical documentation and attached to the section of the project "Protection from noise". Consideration should be given to the dependence of noise characteristics on the mode of operation, the operation performed, the material being processed, etc. Possible options for noise characteristics should be reflected in the technical documentation of the equipment.
5.3 The main sources of external noise are traffic flows on streets and roads, railway, water and air transport, industrial and energy enterprises and their individual installations, intra-quarter noise sources (transformer substations, central heating points, utility yards of shops, sports and playgrounds and etc.).
5.4 Noise characteristics of external noise sources are:
- for traffic flows on streets and roads - the equivalent sound level L A eq, dBA, at a distance of 7.5 m from the axis of the first lane (for trams - at a distance of 7.5 m from the axis of the short path);
- for the flows of railway trains - the equivalent sound level L A eq, dBA, and the maximum sound level L A max, dBA, at a distance of 25 m from the axis closest to the design point of the track;
- for water transport - the equivalent sound level L A eq, dBA, and the maximum sound level L A max, dBA, at a distance of 25 m from the ship's side;
- for air transport - the equivalent sound level L A eq, dBA, and the maximum sound level L A max, dBA, at the design point;
- for industrial and energy enterprises with a maximum linear size in terms of up to 300 m inclusive - equivalent sound power levels L w eq and maximum sound power levels L w max in eight octave frequency bands with geometric mean frequencies of 63-8000 Hz and radiation directivity factor in the direction design point Ф (Ф = 1 if the directivity factor is not known). It is allowed to represent noise characteristics in the form of equivalent corrected sound power levels L wA equiv., dBA, and maximum corrected sound power levels L wA max., dBA;
- for industrial zones, industrial and energy enterprises with a maximum linear dimension in terms of more than 300 m - the equivalent sound level L A equiv. gr., dBA and the maximum sound level L A max. gr., dBA, at the border of the territory of the enterprise and the residential area in the direction calculated point;
- for intra-quarter noise sources - equivalent sound level L A equiv. and maximum sound level L A max. at a fixed distance from the source.
6 Noise limits
6.1 The normalized constant noise parameters at the calculated points are the sound pressure levels L, dB, in octave frequency bands with geometric mean frequencies of 31.5, 63, 125, 250, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000 and 8000 Hz. For approximate calculations, it is allowed to use sound levels L A , dBA.
6.2 The normalized parameters of non-constant (intermittent, fluctuating in time) noise are the equivalent sound pressure levels L equiv., dB, and the maximum sound pressure levels L max. , dB, in octave frequency bands with geometric mean frequencies of 31.5, 63, 125, 250, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000 and 8000 Hz.
It is allowed to use equivalent sound levels L A eq, dBA, and maximum sound levels L A max., dBA. Noise is considered within the normal range when it does not exceed the established standard values both in terms of equivalent and maximum levels.
6.3 Permissible sound pressure levels, dB, (equivalent sound pressure levels, dB), permissible equivalent and maximum sound levels at workplaces in industrial and auxiliary buildings, at the sites of industrial enterprises, in residential and public buildings and in residential areas should be taken according to table 1.
7 Determination of sound pressure levels at design points
7.1 Settlement points in production and auxiliary premises of industrial enterprises are selected at workplaces and (or) in areas of permanent residence of people at a height of 1.5 m from the floor. In a room with one source of noise or with several sources of the same type, one calculated point is taken at the workplace in the zone of direct sound of the source, the other - in the zone of reflected sound at the place of permanent residence of people who are not directly related to the work of this source.

Table 1

Purpose of premises or territories	Time of day, h										Sound level L A , (equivalent sound level L A eq), dBA	Max Level sound, L A max, dBA
Purpose of premises or territories	Time of day, h										Sound level L A , (equivalent sound level L A eq), dBA	Max Level sound, L A max, dBA
1 Workrooms for administrative and managerial personnel of manufacturing enterprises, laboratories, rooms for measuring and analytical work	–
2 Workrooms for dispatching services, observation and remote control booths with voice communication by telephone, precision assembly areas, telephone and telegraph stations, computer information processing rooms
3 Laboratories for experimental work, observation and remote control booths without voice communication by telephone	–
4 Premises with permanent workplaces of industrial enterprises, territories of enterprises with permanent workplaces (except for the works listed in pos. 1-3)
5 Chambers of hospitals and sanatoriums	7.00-23.00 23.00-7.00	76
6 Operating rooms of hospitals, doctors' offices of hospitals, polyclinics, sanatoriums	–	76	59	48	40	34	30	27	25	23	35	50

Table 1 continued

Purpose of premises or territories	Time of day, h	Sound pressure levels (equivalent sound pressure levels), dB, in octave frequency bands with geometric mean frequencies, Hz											Sound level L A , (equivalent sound level L A eq), dBA	Max Level sound, L A max, dBA
Purpose of premises or territories	Time of day, h												Sound level L A , (equivalent sound level L A eq), dBA	Max Level sound, L A max, dBA
7 Classrooms, classrooms, auditoriums of educational institutions, conference rooms, reading rooms of libraries, auditoriums of clubs and cinemas, courtrooms, places of worship, auditoriums of clubs with conventional equipment
8 Cinemas with Dolby equipment	-	72	55	44	35	29	25	22		20	18		30	40
9 Music classes	-	76	59	48	40	34	30	27		25	23		35	50
10 Living rooms of apartments	7.00-23.00 23.00-7.00	79 72	63 55	52 44	45 35	39 29	35 25	32 22	30 20			28 18	40 30	55 45
11 Living rooms of hostels	7.00-23.00 23.00-7.00	83 76	67 59	57 48	49 40	44 34	40 30	37 27	35 25			33 23	45 35	60 50
12 Hotel rooms: - hotels with five and four stars according to the international classification - hotels with three stars according to the international classification	7.00-23.00 23.00-7.00 7.00-23.00 23.00-7.00 7.00-23.00 23.00-7.00	76 69	59 51	48 39	40 31	34 24	30 20	27 17	25 14			23 13	35 25	50 40

Table 1 continued

Purpose of premises or territories	Time of day, h	Sound pressure levels (equivalent sound pressure levels), dB, in octave frequency bands with geometric mean frequencies, Hz									Sound level L A , (equivalent sound level L A eq), dBA	Max Level sound, L A max, dBA
Purpose of premises or territories	Time of day, h										Sound level L A , (equivalent sound level L A eq), dBA	Max Level sound, L A max, dBA
13 Residential premises of rest houses, boarding houses, nursing homes for the elderly and disabled, sleeping quarters of preschool institutions and boarding schools	7.00-23.00 23.00-7.00	79 72	63 55	52 44	45 35	39 29	35 25	32 22	30 20	28 18	40 30	55 45
14 Office premises, working premises and offices of administrative buildings, design, design and research organizations:	–	86	71	61	54	49	45	42	40	38	50	65
15 Halls of cafes, restaurants: category A
16 Foyers of theaters and concert halls	-	83	67	57	49	44	40	37	35	33	45	50
17 Auditoriums of theaters and concert halls	-	72	55	44	35	29	25	22	20	18	30	40
18 Multipurpose halls	-	76	59	48	40	34	30	27	25	23	35	45
19 Sports halls	-	83	67	57	49	44	40	37	35	33	45	50
20 Trading floors of shops, passenger halls of railway stations and air terminals, sports halls	–

End of table 1

Purpose of premises or territories	Time of day, h	Sound pressure levels (equivalent sound pressure levels), dB, in octave frequency bands with geometric mean frequencies, Hz									Sound level L A , (equivalent sound level L A eq), dBA	Max Level sound, L A max, dBA
Purpose of premises or territories	Time of day, h										Sound level L A , (equivalent sound level L A eq), dBA	Max Level sound, L A max, dBA
21 Territories directly adjacent to the buildings of hospitals and sanatoriums	7.00-23.00 23.00-7.00	86 79	71 63	61 52	54 45	49 39	45 35	42 32	40 30	38 28	50 40	65 55
22 Territories immediately adjacent to residential buildings, rest homes, nursing homes for the elderly and disabled	7.00-23.00 23.00-7.00	90 83	75 67	66 57	59 49	54 44	50 40	47 37	45 35	44 33	55 45	70 60
23 Territories immediately adjacent to the buildings of polyclinics, schools and other educational institutions, kindergartens, recreation areas of microdistricts and groups of residential buildings
Notes. 1. Permissible noise levels in the premises, given in pos. 1.5-13 refer only to noise penetrating from other rooms and from outside. 2. Permissible noise levels from external sources in the premises, given in pos. 5–12 are installed under the condition of ensuring standard air exchange, i.e. in the absence of a forced ventilation or air conditioning system, they must be carried out with open vents or other devices that provide air flow. In the presence of forced ventilation or air conditioning systems that provide standard air exchange, the permissible levels of external noise near buildings (15–17) can be increased based on ensuring acceptable levels in the premises with the windows closed. 3. With the tonal and (or) impulse nature of the noise, the permissible levels should be taken 5 dB (dBA) below the values \u200b\u200bspecified in Table 1. 4. Permissible noise levels from equipment of ventilation, air conditioning and air heating systems, as well as from pumps for heating and water supply systems and refrigeration units of built-in (attached) trade and public catering enterprises should be taken 5 dB (dBA) below the values \u200b\u200bspecified in the table 1, except for pos. 10 (for night time). In this case, the correction for the tonality of the noise is not taken into account. 5. Permissible noise levels from vehicles (pos. 5.7 - 10.12) are allowed to be 5 dB (dBA) higher than the values \u200b\u200bspecified in table 1.

In a room with several noise sources, the sound power levels of which differ by 10 dB or more, the calculated points are selected at workplaces near sources with maximum and minimum levels. In a room with group placement of the same type of equipment, the design points are selected at the workplace in the center of groups with maximum and minimum levels.
7.2 The initial data for acoustic calculation are:
- plan and section of the room with the location of technological and engineering equipment and design points;
- information about the characteristics of the enclosing structures of the room (material, thickness, density, etc.);
- noise characteristics and geometric dimensions of noise sources.
7.3 Noise characteristics of technological and engineering equipment in the form of octave sound power levels L w , corrected sound power levels L wA , as well as equivalent L wA equiv and maximum L wA max. corrected sound power levels for intermittent noise sources must be specified by the manufacturer in the technical documentation.
It is allowed to represent noise characteristics in the form of octave sound pressure levels L or sound levels at the workplace L A (at a fixed distance) with the equipment operating alone.
7.4 Octave sound pressure levels L, dB, at design points of proportionate rooms (with the ratio of the largest geometric dimension to the smallest not more than 5) when one noise source is operating, should be determined by the formula
(1)
where is the octave sound power level, dB;
- coefficient that takes into account the influence of the near field in cases where the distance r is less than twice the maximum size of the source (r< 21 макс) (принимают по таблице 2);
Ф - directivity factor of the noise source (for sources with uniform radiation Ф = 1);
is the spatial angle of the source radiation, rad. (accepted according to table 3).
r is the distance from the acoustic center of the noise source to the calculated point, m (if the exact position of the acoustic center is not known, it is assumed to coincide with the geometric center);
k - coefficient taking into account the violation of the diffuseness of the sound field in the room (accepted according to table 4, depending on the average sound absorption coefficient);
B - acoustic constant of the room, m 2, determined by the formula
, (2)
where A is the equivalent sound absorption area, m 2, determined by the formula
, (3)
where is the sound absorption coefficient of the i-th surface;
- area of the i-th surface, m 2;
is the equivalent sound absorption area of the j-th piece absorber, m 2 ;
is the number of j-th piece absorbers, pcs;
- average sound absorption coefficient, determined by the formula
, (4)
where S limit is the total area of the enclosing surfaces of the room, m 2.
table 2

r/l max		101gc, dB
0,6	3	5
0,8	2,5	4
1,0	2	3
1,2	1,6	2
1,5	1,25	1
2	1	0

Table 3

Table 4

	k	101gk, dB
0,2	1,25	1
0,4	1,6	2
0,5	2,0	3
0,6	2,5	4

7.5 Boundary radius, m, in a room with one noise source - the distance from the acoustic center of the source, at which the direct sound energy density is equal to the reflected sound energy density, is determined by the formula
. (5)
If the source is located on the floor of the room, the boundary radius is determined by the formula
. (6)
The calculated points at a distance of up to 0.5 can be considered as being in the area of direct sound. In this case, the octave sound pressure levels should be determined by the formula
, dB. (7)
Estimated points at a distance of more than 2 can be considered as being in the area of reflected sound. In this case, the octave sound pressure levels should be determined by the formula
, dB. (8)
7.6 Octave sound pressure levels L, dB, at the design points of a commensurate room with several noise sources should be determined by the formula
, (9)

- the same as in formulas (1) and (6), but for the i-th source;
m is the number of noise sources closest to the calculated point (located at a distance r i £ 5r min, where r min is the distance from the calculated point to the acoustic center of the nearest noise source);
n is the total number of noise sources in the room;
k and B are the same as in formulas (1) and (8).
If all n sources have the same sound power L w 1, then
. (10)
7.7 If the noise source and the calculated point are located on the territory, the distance between them is greater than twice the maximum size of the noise source and there are no obstacles between them that screen the noise or reflect the noise in the direction of the calculated point, then the octave sound pressure levels L, dB, at the calculated points should be determined :
with a point source of noise (a separate installation on the territory, a transformer, etc.) according to the formula
, (11)
with an extended source of limited size (a wall of an industrial building, a chain of shafts of ventilation systems on the roof of an industrial building, a transformer substation with a large number of open transformers) - according to the formula
, (12)
where is the same as in formulas (1) and (7);
– sound attenuation in the atmosphere, dB/km, taken according to Table 5.
Table 5

At a distance r £ At 50 m, sound attenuation in the atmosphere is not taken into account.
7.8 Octave sound pressure levels L, dB, at calculated points in an isolated room, penetrating through the building envelope from an adjacent room with a source (sources) of noise or from the territory, should be determined by the formula
, (13)
where is the octave sound pressure level in a room with a noise source at a distance of 2 m from the fence separating the room, dB, (determined by formulas (1), (8) or (9)).
With noise penetrating into the isolated room from the territory, the octave sound pressure level outside at a distance of 2 m from the building envelope is determined by formulas (11) or (12);
R - insulation of airborne noise by the enclosing structure, through which it penetrates
noise, dB;
S - area of the enclosing structure, m 2;
- acoustic constant of the isolated room, m 2;
k is the same as in formula (1).
If the building envelope consists of several parts with different sound insulation (for example, a wall with a window and a door), R is determined by the formula
, (14)
where S i is the area of the i -th part, m 2;
R i – airborne noise isolation by the i-th part, dB.
If the building envelope consists of two parts with different sound insulation (R 1 > R 2), R is determined by the formula
. (15)
At >> at a certain ratio of areas, instead of soundproofing of the enclosing structure R, when calculating according to formula (13), it is allowed to introduce soundproofing of the weak part of the composite fence and its area.
The equivalent and maximum sound levels L A , dBA, created by an external transport and penetrating into the premises through an external wall with a window (windows), should be determined by the formula
, (16)
where is the equivalent (maximum) sound level outside two meters from the fence, dBA;
- insulation of external traffic noise outside the window, dBA;
- area of the window (windows), m 2;
- acoustic constant of the room, m 2 (in the octave band 500 Hz);
k is the same as in formula (1).

For premises of residential and administrative buildings, hotels, hostels, etc. with an area of up to 25 m 2 L A, dBA, is determined by the formula
. (17)
7.9 Octave sound pressure levels in a room protected from noise in cases where noise sources are located in another building should be determined in several stages:
1) determine the octave sound power levels of noise, dB, passed through the outer fence (or several fences) to the territory, according to the formula
, (18)
where is the octave sound power level of the i-th source, dB;
- acoustic constant of the room with a source (sources) of noise, m 2;
S - area of the fence, m 2;
R - isolation of airborne noise by the fence, dB;
2) determine the octave sound pressure levels for the auxiliary design point at a distance of 2 m from the outer fence of the room protected from noise according to the formulas (10) or (11) from each of the noise sources (ISh 1 and Ish 2, Figure 1). When calculating, it should be taken into account that for the calculated points within 10 ° from the plane of the building wall (in Figure 1 - complex noise source IS 1), a correction for the directivity of the radiation dB is introduced.
3) determine the total octave sound pressure levels, dB, at an auxiliary design point (two meters from the outer fence of the room protected from noise) from all noise sources according to the formula
, (19)
where is the sound pressure level from the i-th source, dB;
4) determine the octave sound pressure levels L, dB, in the room protected from noise according to the formula (13), replacing it with .
7.10 With variable noise, octave sound pressure levels, dB, at the design point should be determined by formulas (1), (7), (8), (9), (11), (12) or (13) for each time interval, min., during which the level remains constant, replacing in the indicated formulas with .

R.T. - calculated point
Р.Т.1 - auxiliary design point
ISH 1 and ISH 2 - buildings - sources of noise
Figure 1 - Calculation scheme
Equivalent octave sound pressure levels, dB, for the total exposure time T, min, should be determined by the formula
, (20)
where - level exposure time, min;
- octave level over time, dB.
For the total time of exposure to noise T is taken: in production and office premises - the duration of the work shift; in residential and other premises, as well as in territories where the norms are set separately for day and night, the duration of the day is 7.00-23.00 and the night is 23.00-7.00 h.
In the latter case, it is allowed to take for the exposure time T during the day - a four-hour period with the highest levels, at night - a period of 1 hour with the highest levels.
7.11 Equivalent sound levels of intermittent noise, dBA, should be determined from formula (20), replacing by and by .
8 Determining the required noise reduction
8.1 The required noise reduction, dB, in octave frequency bands or in sound levels, dBA, should be determined for each design point selected in accordance with 7.1. When calculating noise from the traffic flow of streets and roads, railway and tram lines, water and air transport, as well as from industrial zones and individual enterprises, the required noise reduction is determined in sound levels at all design stages.
8.2 When calculating noise at the feasibility study stage at workplaces in production and auxiliary buildings and at the sites of industrial enterprises, at design points of premises of residential and public buildings, the required noise reduction may be determined in terms of sound levels.
8.3 The required reduction in noise levels at design points at the stage of a working project or project of an enterprise, housing and civil construction facilities is determined in octave bands of the normalized frequency range.
8.4 The required reduction in octave sound pressure levels, dB, (or sound levels, dBA) at the calculated point on the territory from each noise source (traffic flow of streets and roads, railway transport, intra-quarter noise source, industrial enterprise, etc.) is determined by formula
, (21)
where - octave sound pressure level or sound level from the i-th source, calculated at the calculated point, dB (dBA);
- permissible octave sound pressure level, dB, or sound level, dBA (determined according to table 1);
n is the total number of noise sources taken into account when calculating the total level at the design point.
8.5 The required reduction in octave levels of sound pressure, dB, or sound level, dBA, at the calculated point in the room should be determined:
a) with one noise source according to the formula
, (22)
where L is the octave sound pressure level, dB, or the sound level from this noise source, dBA, calculated at the calculated point;
- the same as in formula (21);
b) with several similar simultaneously operating noise sources (for example, a weaving shop) - according to the formula
, (23)
where - octave sound pressure levels dB or sound level at the design point, dBA, calculated by formulas (9) and (10);
- the same as in formula (21).
c) with several simultaneously operating and grouped noise sources that differ greatly in sound power levels (more than 10 dB):
- at the calculated point in the center of the noisiest group - according to formula (23), where - octave sound pressure levels or sound levels calculated according to formula (9); - the same as in formula (21);
- at the calculated point in the center of groups of quieter noise sources - according to formula (23);
d) in rooms without noise sources according to the formula
, (24)
where - octave sound pressure level, dB, or sound level, dBA, calculated separately according to 7.8 from each external noise source;
n is the total number of external noise sources;
- the same as in formula (21).
8.6 In territories, as well as in rooms where sources with widely differing sound power levels are installed, noise attenuation should begin with the noisiest sources.
9 Sound insulation of building envelopes
9.1 The normalized parameters of sound insulation of internal enclosing structures of residential and public buildings, as well as auxiliary buildings of industrial enterprises are airborne noise insulation indices by enclosing structures, dB, and indices of reduced impact noise level, dB, (for floors).
The normalized parameter of sound insulation of external enclosing structures (including windows, shop windows and other types of glazing) is sound insulation, dBA, which is the insulation of external noise produced by the flow of urban transport.
9.2 The normative values of airborne noise insulation indices by internal enclosing structures and indices of the reduced impact noise level for residential, public buildings, as well as for auxiliary buildings of industrial enterprises are given in Table 6 for categories of buildings A, B and C (see 6.4).
Normative values for living rooms, hotel rooms, dormitories, offices and working rooms of administrative buildings, hospital wards, doctors' offices up to 25 m 2 are shown in Table 7, depending on the calculated level of traffic noise at the facade of the building. For intermediate design levels, the required value should be determined by interpolation.
Table 6

designs		, dB (≥)		L nw , dB (≤)
residential buildings
1 Ceilings between the premises of the apartments and separating the premises of the apartments from the halls, stairwells and used attic spaces:		50		60 1)
2 Ceilings between the premises of the apartments and the shops located under them:		57		43 2)
3 Floors between rooms in an apartment in two levels		45		63
4 Floors between living quarters Dormitories		50		60
5 Ceilings between the premises of the apartment and races restaurants, cafes, gyms laid under them		55 *		60 43 2)
6 Floors between the premises of the apartment and located under them administrative premises, offices		50 **		43 2)
7 Walls and partitions between apartments, between apartments and offices; between apartments and staircases, hallways, corridors, vestibules		50		-
8 Walls between apartments and shops:		55 **		-
9 Walls and partitions that separate the premises of apartments from restaurants, cafes, gyms:		55 *		-
10 Partitions between rooms, between the kitchen and the room in the apartment		43
11 Partitions between the bathroom and the room of one apartment		47
12 Walls and partitions between rooms hagiography		48		-
13 Apartment entrance doors leading to stairwells, lobbies and corridors:		30		-
Table 6 continued
Name and location of the enclosing designs	, dB (≥)		L nw , dB (≤)
Hotels
14 Overlaps between numbers:
		52		58
		50		60
- hotels with less than three stars according to the international classification		48		62
15 Ceilings separating rooms from rooms general use (lobbies, halls, buffets):
- hotels with five and four stars according to the international classification		52		55 50 2)
		50		58 53 2)
16 Ceilings separating rooms from rooms restaurants, cafes:
- hotels with five and four stars according to the international classification		62		55 45 2)**)
		60		58 48 2)**)
17 Walls and partitions between rooms:
- hotels with five and four stars according to the international classification		52		-
- hotels with three stars according to the international classification		50		-
- hotels with less than three stars according to the international classification		48		-
18 Walls and partitions that separate rooms from common areas (stairwells, lobbies, halls, buffets):
- hotels with five and four stars according to the international classification		52		-
- hotels with three stars or less according to the international classification		50		-
19 Walls and partitions separating rooms from restaurants, cafes:
- hotels with five and four stars according to the international classification		57 *)		-
- hotels with three stars or less according to the international classification		55 *)		-
Administrative buildings, offices
20 Ceilings between working rooms, offices, secretariats and separating these premises from common areas (lobbies, halls):		48		66
21 Ceilings separating working rooms, offices from rooms with noise sources:		52		45 2)

Table 6 continued
Name and location of the enclosing Constructions	, dB (≥)	L nw , dB (≤)
22 Walls and partitions between offices and separating offices from working rooms: Walls and partitions separating working rooms from common areas (lobbies, halls, buffets) and from rooms with noise sources Walls and partitions separating offices from common areas and rooms with noise sources:	48	-
Hospitals and sanatoriums
23 Floors between wards, doctors' offices	47	60
24 Ceilings between operating rooms and separating operating rooms from wards and offices	54	60 45 2)
25 Ceilings separating wards, doctors' offices from common areas (lobbies, halls)	52	63

26 Ceilings separating wards, doctors' offices from canteens, kitchens	54	43 2)
27 Walls and partitions between wards, doctors' offices	47	-
28 Walls and partitions between operating rooms and separating operating rooms from other rooms. Walls and partitions separating wards and offices from dining rooms and kitchens	54	-
Educational establishments
29 Ceilings between classrooms, classrooms, auditoriums and separating these premises from common areas (corridors, lobbies, halls)	47	63
30 Overlaps between music classes in secondary schools	55	58
31 Overlaps between music classes in higher education	55	55
32 Walls and partitions between classrooms, classrooms and auditoriums and separating these premises from common areas	47	-
33 Walls and partitions between music classrooms of secondary educational institutions and separating these rooms from common areas	55	-

End of table 6
Name and location of the enclosing Constructions	, dB (≥)	L nw , dB (≤)
34 Walls and partitions between musical higher education classes	57
Children's preschool institutions
35 Floors between group rooms, bedrooms	47	63
36 Ceilings separating group rooms, bedrooms from kitchens	51	63 43 2)
37 Walls and partitions between group rooms, bedrooms and between other children's rooms	47	-
38 Walls and partitions separating group rooms, bedrooms from kitchens	51	-
1) Requirements are also imposed on the transmission of impact noise to the living quarters of apartments in case of impact on the floor of the premises of an adjacent apartment (including those located on the same floor) 2) The requirement is imposed on the transmission of impact noise to the room protected from noise in case of impact on the floor of the room, which is the source of noise ) In the case of playing loud music with a sound level ≥ 85 dBA, the value of R w tr., dB should be calculated *) With round-the-clock operation of shops, restaurants, cafes, administrative premises, offices, etc. follows the one indicated in the table. value, dB, introduce a correction (+ 2dB), and to that indicated in Table. value L nw , dB, introduce a correction (- 5 dB)

Table 7 - Regulatory requirements for soundproofing windows

Purpose of premises	Required values of R A trans, dBA, at equivalent sound levels at the facade of the building during the most intensive traffic (in the daytime, rush hour)
Purpose of premises	60	65	70	75	80
1 Chambers of hospitals, sanatoriums, offices of medical institutions	15	20	25	30	35
2 Living rooms of apartments in houses:	-	15	20	25	30
3 Living rooms of hostels	-	-	15	20	25
4 Hotel rooms:
- having four and five stars according to the international classification	15	20	25	30	35
- having according to the international classification three stars	-	15	20	25	30
- having less than three stars according to the international classification	-	-	15	20	25
5 Residential premises of rest homes, boarding schools for the disabled	15	20	25	30	35
6 Working rooms, offices in administrative buildings and offices:	-	-	-	15	20

9.3 Airborne sound insulation index Rw, dB, of a building envelope with a known (calculated or measured) frequency response of airborne sound insulation is determined by comparing this frequency response with the evaluation curve given in Table 8, pos. 1.
To determine the airborne sound insulation index Rw, it is necessary to determine the sum of unfavorable deviations of a given frequency response from the estimated curve. Downward deviations from the estimated curve are considered unfavorable.
If the sum of unfavorable deviations is as close as possible to 32 dB, but does not exceed this value, the value of the index R w is 52 dB.
If the sum of unfavorable deviations exceeds 32 dB, the evaluation curve is shifted down by an integer number of decibels so that the sum of unfavorable deviations does not exceed the specified value.
If the sum of unfavorable deviations is significantly less than 32 dB or there are no unfavorable deviations, the estimated curve is shifted up by an integer number of decibels so that the sum of unfavorable deviations from the shifted estimation curve is as close as possible to 32 dB, but does not exceed this value.
The value of the index R w is taken as the ordinate of the estimated value shifted up or down
curve in a third octave band with a geometric mean frequency of 500 Hz.
9.4 The index of the reduced impact noise level L nw for a floor with a known frequency response of the reduced impact noise level is determined by comparing this frequency response with the evaluation curve given in Table 8, item 2.
To calculate the index L nw, it is necessary to determine the sum of unfavorable deviations of a given frequency response from the estimated curve. Deviations upward from the estimated curve are considered unfavorable.
If the sum of unfavorable deviations is as close as possible to 32 dB, but does not exceed this value, then the value of the index L nw is 60 dB.
If the sum of unfavorable deviations exceeds 32 dB, the estimated curve is shifted upwards (by an integer number of decibels) so that the sum of unfavorable deviations from the shifted curve does not exceed the specified value.
If the sum of unfavorable deviations is significantly less than 32 dB or there are no unfavorable deviations, the estimated curve is shifted down (by an integer number of decibels) so that the sum of unfavorable deviations from the shifted curve is as close as possible to 32 dB, but does not exceed this value.
The value of the index L nw is taken as the ordinate of the estimated curve shifted up or down in a third octave band with a geometric mean frequency of 500 Hz.
9.5 The sound insulation value of a window, dBA, is determined on the basis of the frequency response of the airborne sound insulation by the window using the reference noise spectrum of the urban traffic flow. The levels of the reference spectrum, corrected according to the frequency correction curve "A" for noise with a level of 75 dBA, are shown in Table 8, pos. 3.
To determine the value of sound insulation of a window according to the known frequency response of airborne noise insulation, it is necessary to subtract the value of airborne noise insulation R i by this window design in each third octave frequency band from the level of the reference spectrum L i . The resulting levels should be added energetically and the result of addition subtracted from the reference noise level equal to 75 dBA.
The value of window sound insulation, dBA, is determined by the formula
, (25)
where L i - sound pressure levels of the reference spectrum adjusted according to the frequency correction curve "A" in the i-th third of the octave frequency band, dB, (accepted according to table 8, item Z);
R i - isolation of airborne noise by this window design in the i-th third of the octave frequency band, dB.
9.6 The required sound insulation of internal enclosing structures in industrial buildings, as well as enclosing structures that separate the premises protected from noise from premises with noise sources that are not typical for the premises listed in Table 6, should be determined in the form of airborne noise insulation R tr, dB, in octave bands frequencies of the normalized range (6.1 and 6.2).
9.7 The required sound insulation of airborne noise Rtr, dB, in the octave frequency bands of the enclosing structure through which the noise penetrates, should be determined when the noise propagates into the room protected from noise, from the adjacent room with noise sources, as well as from the adjacent territory according to the formula
, (26)
where L w, S, B and, k is the same as in the formula (13).
In cases where the enclosing structure consists of several parts with different sound insulation (a wall with a window and a door), the values determined by formula (26) refer to the total sound insulation value R cf.tr of this composite enclosing structure. The required sound insulation of the individual components of this fence R i tr should be determined by the formula
, (27)
where R cf.tr. - the same as R tr. in formula (26).
n is the total number of building envelope elements with different sound insulation.
If the enclosing structure consists of two parts with very different sound insulation (R 1 >> R 2), then the required sound insulation can be determined only for the weak part of the enclosing structure according to formula (26), substituting R tr.2 instead of R tr. and S 2 instead of S .
9.8 The required sound insulation of external enclosing structures (including windows, showcases and other types of glazing) of rooms with an area of more than 25 m 2, as well as rooms not listed in Table 8, in buildings located near highways should be determined by the formula
, (28)
Where , - the same as in formula (16);
- permissible equivalent (maximum) sound level in the room, dBA.
The required sound insulation should be determined on the basis of ensuring acceptable values of penetrating noise both in terms of equivalent and maximum levels, i.e. the larger of the two values is taken.
9.9 Calculation of sound insulation of building envelopes should be carried out when developing new design solutions for fences, using new building materials and products. The final assessment of the sound insulation of such structures should be carried out on the basis of full-scale tests in accordance with GOST 27296.
9.10 Calculation of sound insulation of enclosing structures should be carried out on the basis of SP 23-103-2003.
Recommendations for the design of enclosing structures,providing standard sound insulation
9.11 Fencing elements are recommended to be designed from materials with a dense structure that does not have through pores. Fences made of materials with through porosity must have outer layers of dense material, concrete or mortar.
It is recommended to design internal walls and partitions made of bricks, ceramic and cinder blocks with full-thickness filling of joints (without a hollow joint) and plastered on both sides with a non-shrinking mortar.
9.12 The enclosing structures must be designed in such a way that during construction and operation there are no and no even minimal through cracks and cracks in their joints. The gaps and cracks arising during the construction process after their clearing should be eliminated by constructive measures and sealed with non-drying sealants and other materials to the full depth.
Interfloor floors
9.13 The floor on the soundproof layer (pads) should not have rigid connections (sound bridges) with the bearing part of the ceiling, walls and other building structures, i.e. must be floating. The wooden floor or floating concrete floor base (screed) must be separated along the contour from the walls and other structures of the building by gaps of 1-2 cm wide, filled with soundproofing material or product, for example, soft fiber board, porous polyethylene moldings, etc. P. Skirting boards or fillets should only be attached to the floor or only to the wall. The adjoining of the floor structure on the soundproof layer to the wall or partition is shown in Figure 2.
When designing a floor with a base in the form of a monolithic floating screed, a continuous waterproofing layer (for example, glassine, hydroisol, roofing material, etc.) should be placed along the soundproofing layer with overlapping at the joints of at least 20 cm. be cracks and gaps.
9.14 In floor structures that do not have a sound insulation margin, it is not recommended to use linoleum floor coverings on a fibrous base, which reduce the airborne sound insulation by 1 dB according to the R w index. . It is allowed to use linoleum with foamed layers, which do not affect the insulation of airborne sound and can provide the necessary impact sound insulation with the appropriate parameters of the foamed layers.

1- bearing part of the interfloor overlap; 2 - concrete floor base
5 - flexible plastic plinth; 6 - wall; 7 - wooden fillet;
8 - plank floor on logs
Figure 2 - Scheme of the constructive solution of the floor junction on
soundproofing layer to the wall (partition)
9.15 Interfloor floors with increased requirements for airborne sound insulation (R w = 57–62 dB), separating residential and built-in noisy premises, should be designed, as a rule, using cast-in-situ reinforced concrete slabs of sufficient thickness (for example, a frame-monolithic or monolithic structure first floor). The sufficiency of sound insulation of such a design is determined by calculation.
Another possible constructive option when placing noisy premises on the first non-residential floors is the arrangement of an intermediate (technical) 2nd floor. At the same time, it is also necessary to perform calculations confirming sufficient sound insulation of residential premises. In all cases of placing premises with noise sources on the first non-residential floors, it is recommended to install suspended ceilings in them, which significantly increase the sound insulation of the ceilings.
Internal walls and partitions
9.16 Double walls or partitions are usually designed with a rigid connection between the elements along the contour or at separate points. The gap between structural elements must be at least 4 cm.
In the structures of frame-sheathed partitions, point fastening of sheets to the frame with a step of at least 300 mm should be provided. If two layers of sheathing sheets are used on one side of the frame, then they should not stick together. The step of the frame racks and the distance between its horizontal elements is recommended to be at least 600 mm. The filling of the gap recommended above with soft sound-absorbing materials is especially effective for improving the sound insulation of frame-sheathed partitions. In addition, to increase their sound insulation, independent frames are recommended for each of the skins, and, if necessary, it is possible to use two- or three-layer skins on each side of the partition.
9.17 To increase airborne sound insulation by a wall or partition made of reinforced concrete, concrete, brick, etc., in some cases, it is advisable to use additional sheathing on the offset.
As a sheathing material, gypsum boards, hardboards and similar sheet materials can be used, attached to the wall along wooden laths, along linear or point beacons from gypsum mortar. It is advisable to make the air gap between the wall and the sheathing 40-50 mm thick and fill it with soft sound-absorbing material (mineral wool or fiberglass boards, mats, etc.).
9.18 Entrance doors of apartments should be designed with a threshold and sealing gaskets in the porches.
Joints and knots
9.19 The joints between the internal enclosing structures, as well as between them and other adjacent structures, should be designed in such a way that during construction there are no through cracks, gaps and leaks in them during the operation of the building, which sharply reduce the sound insulation of the fences.
Joints in which during operation, despite the taken structural measures, mutual movement of the joined elements under the influence of load, temperature and shrinkage deformations is possible, should be designed using durable sealing elastic materials and products glued to the joined surfaces.
9.20 The joints between the bearing elements of the walls and the ceilings based on them should be designed with filling with mortar or concrete. If, as a result of loads or other influences, the opening of the seams is possible, the design must provide for measures to prevent the formation of through cracks in the joints.
The joints between the load-bearing elements of the internal walls are designed, as a rule, with filling with mortar or concrete. The mating surfaces of the joined elements must form a cavity (well), the transverse dimensions of which make it possible to densely fill it with mounting concrete or mortar to the entire height of the element. It is necessary to provide for measures that limit the mutual movement of the joined elements (arrangement of dowels, welding of embedded parts, etc.). Connecting parts, fittings outlets, etc. should not interfere with the filling of the joint cavity with concrete or mortar. It is recommended to fill the joints with non-shrinking (expanding) concrete or mortar.
When designing prefabricated structural elements, it is necessary to take such a configuration and dimensions of the joined sections that provide placement, sticker, fixation and the required compression of sealing materials and products, when their use is provided.
Elements of enclosing structures associated with engineering equipment
9.21 Passage of pipes for water heating, water supply, etc. through inter-apartment walls is not allowed.
Pipes for water heating, water supply, etc. should be passed through interfloor ceilings and interior walls (partitions) in elastic sleeves (made of porous polyethylene and other elastic materials) that allow temperature movements and pipe deformations without the formation of through cracks (Figure 3).
The cavities in the panels of the internal walls, intended for connecting pipes of embedded heating risers, must be sealed with non-shrinking concrete or mortar.

1 - wall; 2 - non-shrinking concrete or mortar; 3 - gasket (layer) of soundproof material; 4 - concrete floor base; 5 - bearing part of the floor; 6 - elastic sleeve; 7 - heating riser pipe
Figure 3 - Scheme of a constructive solution for the heating riser pass unit
through the interfloor
9.22 Concealed electrical wiring in inter-apartment walls and partitions should be located in separate channels or ducts for each apartment. The cavities for the installation of junction boxes and socket outlets must be non-through. If the formation of through holes is due to the technology of production of wall elements, these devices should be installed in them only on one side. The free part of the cavity is sealed with a gypsum or other non-shrinking mortar with a layer of at least 40 mm thick.
It is not recommended to install junction boxes and socket outlets between apartment frame-sheathing partitions. If necessary, sockets and switches should be used, the installation of which does not cut holes in the sheathing sheets.
The output of the wire from the ceiling to the ceiling lamp should be provided in a non-through cavity. If the formation of a through hole is due to the manufacturing technology of the floor slab, then the hole should consist of two parts. The upper part of a larger diameter should be sealed with a non-shrinking mortar, the lower one should be filled with sound-absorbing material (for example, super-thin fiberglass) and covered from the ceiling side with a layer of mortar or a dense decorative cover (Figure 4).

1 - floor panel; 2 - electric channel; 3 - hook (welded to a round steel plate); 4 - solution (sealing of the lower part of the hole is conditionally not shown)
Figure 4 - Scheme of the constructive solution for the release of the wire from the ceiling
to downlight (overlap with through hole)
9.23 The design of the ventilation units must ensure the integrity of the walls (the absence of through caverns, cracks in them) separating the channels. The horizontal junction of the ventilation units must exclude the possibility of noise penetration through leaks from one channel to another.
Ventilation openings of vertically adjacent apartments should communicate with each other through the collection and associated ducts no closer than through the floor.
Sound insulation of enclosing structures of observation cabins,remote control, shelters, casings
9.24 Soundproof booths should be used in industrial workshops and in areas where permissible levels are exceeded to protect workers and maintenance personnel from noise. Consoles should be located in soundproof booths.

control and management of technological processes and equipment, jobs for craftsmen and shop supervisors.
Soundproof cabins are divided into four classes according to their sound insulation.
Airborne sound insulation values in octave frequency bands R, depending on the cabin class, must not be lower than those given in Table 9.
Table 9

Class cabins	Airborne noise isolation R, dB, in octave bands with mean geometric frequencies, Hz
	63	125	250	500	1000	2000	4000	8000
1	25	30	35	40	45	50	50	45
2	15	20	25	30	35	40	40	35
3	5	10	15	20	25	30	30	25
4	-	-	5	10	15	20	20	15

The required sound insulation of individual elements of the cabin fencing should be determined by formulas (26) and (27), taking for Lsh - the calculated octave sound pressure level L at the cabin installation site, determined in accordance with 7.4, 7.5 or 7.6, Ladm - the allowable octave level at the workplace in the cab; В and – the acoustic constant of the cabin.
9.25 Depending on the required sound insulation, cabins can be designed from ordinary building materials (brick, reinforced concrete, etc.) or have a prefabricated structure assembled from prefabricated structures made of steel, aluminum, plastic, plywood and other sheet materials on a prefabricated or welded frame.
Soundproof cabins should be installed on rubber vibration isolators to prevent the transmission of vibrations to the enclosing structures and the cabin frame.
9.26 The internal volume of the cabin must be at least 15 m 3 per person. Cabin height (inside) - not less than 2.5 m. The cab must be equipped with a ventilation or air conditioning system with the necessary silencers. The interior surfaces of the cab must be 50-70% lined with sound-absorbing materials.
Cabin doors must have sealing gaskets in the porch and locking devices that ensure compression of the gaskets. Class 1 and 2 cabins must have double doors with a vestibule.
9.27 Soundproof enclosures for machines and process equipment, soundproof casings made of thin sheets (metals, plastics, glass, etc.) should be used to reduce noise levels at workplaces located directly at the noise source, where other construction methods are used. - Acoustic measures are impractical. The acoustic efficiency of the casing design is estimated by its sound insulation R k, dB.
9.28 The use of a casing for a unit (machine) is advisable in cases where the noise it creates at the design point exceeds the permissible value by 5 dB or more in at least one octave band, and the noise of all other process equipment in the same octave band (in the same calculated point) by 2 dB or more below the permissible value.
The required sound insulation of enclosure enclosures should be determined in octave frequency bands using the formula
R tr.c = L – L additional – 10× log α reg + Δ + 5, (29)
where L is the calculated octave sound pressure level created by this unit at the calculated point, dB;
L add - permissible octave sound pressure level, dB;
α reg - coefficient of sound absorption of the inner lining of the casing;
Δ is the correction determined according to Table 10 depending on the ratio of the calculated noise level from the operation of the equipment without this unit L f and the permissible sound pressure level L add, dB.
Table 10

Difference L add - L f, dB	Δ, dB
2	4,3
3	3
4	2,2
5	1,6
6	1,2
7	1,0
8	0,8
9	0,6

If the value of Rtr.k does not exceed 10 dB at medium and high frequencies, the casing can be made of elastic materials (vinyl, rubber, etc.). The casing elements must be attached to the frame.
If the value of Rtr.k exceeds 10 dB at medium and high frequencies, the casing should be made of sheet structural materials.
9.29 The metal casing should be covered with a vibration-damping material (sheet or in the form of mastic), while the thickness of the coating should be 2-3 times greater than the wall thickness. A layer of sound-absorbing material 40-50 mm thick should be placed on the inside of the casing. To protect it from mechanical impacts, dust and other contaminants, a metal mesh with fiberglass or a thin film 20-30 microns thick should be used.
The casing must not have direct contact with the unit, pipelines. Technological and ventilation openings must be equipped with silencers and seals.
10 Sound-absorbing structures, screens, partitions
10.1 Sound-absorbing structures (suspended ceilings, wall cladding, rocker and piece absorbers) should be used to reduce noise levels at workplaces and in areas of permanent residence of people in industrial and public buildings. The area of sound-absorbing linings and the number of piece absorbers are determined by calculation.
10.2 Piece absorbers should be used if the cladding is not enough to obtain the required noise reduction, and also instead of a sound-absorbing suspended ceiling, when its installation is impossible or ineffective (large production room height, overhead cranes, light and aeration lamps).
10.3 As a mandatory measure to reduce noise and ensure optimal acoustic parameters of the premises, sound-absorbing structures should be used:
- in noisy workshops of industrial enterprises;
- in computer rooms of computer centers and computer stations, machine bureaus;
- in the corridors and halls of schools, hospitals, hotels, boarding houses, etc.;
- in operating rooms and waiting rooms of railway, air and bus stations;
- in gyms and swimming pools;
- in soundproof booths, boxes and shelters.
10.4 Screens installed between the source of noise and the workplaces of personnel (not directly related to the maintenance of this source) should be used to protect workplaces from direct sound (7.5). The use of screens is quite effective only in combination with sound-absorbing structures.
10.5 The baffle is a screen that surrounds the source of noise from all sides. Partitions should be used for noise source(s) whose sound power levels are 15 dB or more higher than those of other noise sources.
Options for screens and partitions are shown in Figure 5.

IS - noise source; 1 - screen; 2 - calculated point; 3 - partition
Figure 5 - Forms of acoustic screens
Sound absorbing structures
10.6 The magnitude of the reduction in sound pressure levels at design points, dB, located in the zone of reflected sound, should be determined by the formula
, (30)
where k and B are the same as in 7.4;
k 1 and B 1 - the same, but after the installation of sound-absorbing structures.
It should be taken into account that the maximum possible decrease in sound pressure levels in the area of reflected sound at a distance from the source r ≥2r gr. according to 7.5 is 8–10 dB. In the intermediate zone (at 0.5r gr. 10.7 Sound-absorbing structures should be placed on the ceiling and on the upper parts of the walls. It is advisable to place sound-absorbing structures in separate sections or strips. At frequencies below 250 Hz, the effectiveness of the sound-absorbing cladding increases when it is placed in the corners of the room.
Screens and partitions
10.8 Screens should be used to reduce sound pressure levels at workplaces in the area of direct sound (7.5) and in the intermediate area. Screens should be installed as close as possible to the noise source.
10.9 Screens should be made of solid sheet materials or separate shields with obligatory lining with sound-absorbing materials on the surface facing the noise source. Additional sound absorption introduced by screens should be taken into account when determining the acoustic constant of the room B according to formula (2), the equivalent absorption area A - according to formula (3) and the average sound absorption coefficient α cf. – by formula (4).
10.10 Screens can be flat (Figure 5a) and U-shaped (Figure 5b) in plan, in which case their efficiency is increased. If the screen surrounds the noise source, it turns into a partition (Figure 5c), in which case its efficiency approaches the efficiency of an infinite screen with height H. The linear dimensions of the screens should be at least three times larger than the linear dimensions of the noise source.
11 Engineering equipment of buildings
11.1 The engineering equipment of buildings that have a significant impact on the noise regime includes:
- systems of ventilation, air conditioning and air heating;
- built-in transformer substations (TS);
- elevators;
- built-in individual heating points (ITP);
- rooftop boilers.
11.2 Noise sources in ventilation, air conditioning and air heating systems are fans, air conditioners, fan coil units, heating units (heaters), control devices in air ducts (throttles, dampers, valves, dampers), air distribution devices (grilles, ceiling lamps, anemostats), turns and branching of air ducts, pumps and air conditioner compressors.
Noise characteristics of noise sources should be contained in the passports and catalogs of ventilation equipment.
11.3 To reduce fan noise, you should:
- choose the unit with the lowest specific sound power levels;
- ensure the operation of the fan in the maximum efficiency mode;
- reduce the resistance of the network and do not use a fan that creates excessive pressure;
- ensure smooth air supply to the fan inlet.
11.4 To reduce the noise from the fan along the path of its propagation through the air ducts, the following should be done:
- provide for central (directly at the fan) and end (in the air duct in front of the air distribution devices) silencers;
- limit the speed of air movement in the networks to a value that ensures the levels of noise generated by control and air distribution devices within the permissible values in the serviced premises.
11.5 As silencers for ventilation systems, tubular, lamellar, cylindrical and chamber, as well as air ducts lined with sound-absorbing materials and their turns can be used.
The design of the silencer should be selected depending on the size of the duct, the required reduction in noise levels, the allowable air velocity based on the calculation according to the relevant code of practice.
11.6 To prevent the penetration of increased noise from engineering equipment into other areas of the building, the following should be done:
- do not place near ventilation chambers, transformer substations, ITPs, elevator shafts, etc. premises that require increased noise protection;
- vibration isolation of the units using spring or rubber vibration isolators;
- use sound-absorbing linings in ventilation chambers and other rooms with noisy equipment;
- use in these rooms floors on an elastic basis (floating floors);
- use building envelopes for rooms with noisy equipment with the required sound insulation.
11.7 Floors on an elastic foundation (floating floors) should be made over the entire area of the room in the form of a reinforced concrete slab with a thickness of at least 60–80 mm. As an elastic layer, it is recommended to use fiberglass or mineral wool boards or mats with a density of 50–100 kg/m3. With a material density of 50 kg / m 3, the total load (weight of the plate and unit) should not exceed 10 kPa, with a density of 100 kg / m 3 - 20 kPa.
11.8 Elevator shafts should be located in the stairwell between flights of stairs. In the architectural and planning solution of a residential building, it should be provided that the built-in elevator shaft adjoins premises that do not require increased noise protection (halls, corridors, kitchens, sanitary facilities). All elevator shafts must have an independent foundation and be separated from other building structures by an acoustic joint of 40–50 mm.
11.9 In the piping systems of built-in pumping stations, ITPs, boiler rooms, flexible inserts in the form of rubber-fabric sleeves (reinforced with metal spirals, if necessary) should be provided. Flexible connectors should be located as close as possible to the pumps.
12 Residential areas of cities and towns
12.1 The planning and development of residential areas of cities, towns and rural settlements should be carried out taking into account the provision of permissible noise levels in accordance with Section 6 of these standards.
12.2 Settlement points on the recreation areas of microdistricts and groups of residential buildings, on the sites of preschool institutions, on the sites of schools and hospitals should be selected at the boundary of the sites closest to the noise source at a height of 1.5 m from the ground. If the site is partly in the zone of sound shadow from a building, structure or any other shielding object, and partly in the zone of direct sound, then the calculated point must be outside the zone of sound shadow.
12.3 Settlement points on the territory immediately adjacent to residential buildings and other buildings, in which penetrating noise levels are standardized by section 6 of these rules and regulations, should be selected at a distance of 2 m from the facade of the building facing the noise source, at a level of 12 m from the surface land; for low-rise buildings - at the level of the windows of the last floor.
12.4 At the stage of developing a feasibility study and a master plan for a settlement, in order to reduce the impact of noise on a residential area, the following measures should be applied:
- functional zoning of the territory with the separation of residential and recreational areas from industrial, utility and storage areas and main transport communications;
- tracing of highways of high-speed and freight traffic bypassing residential areas and recreation areas;
- differentiation of the road network according to the composition of traffic flows with the allocation of the main volume of freight traffic on specialized highways;
- the concentration of traffic flows on a small number of main streets with high throughput, passing, if possible, outside residential areas (along the boundaries of industrial and municipal storage areas, in the right of way of railways);
- Enlargement of inter-main territories to distance the main building blocks from transport highways;
- creation of a car parking system at the border of residential areas and groups of residential buildings;
- formation of a city-wide system of green spaces.
12.5 At the stage of developing a detailed planning project for a small settlement, residential area, microdistrict, the following measures should be taken to protect against noise:
- when a small settlement is located near a main road or railway at a distance that does not provide the necessary noise reduction, the use of noise barriers in the form of natural or artificial elements of the terrain: slopes of cuts, embankments, walls, galleries, as well as their combination (for example, an embankment -wall). It should be borne in mind that such screens give a sufficient effect only for low-rise buildings;
- for residential areas, micro-districts in urban development, the most effective is the location in the first echelon of development of the main streets of noise-protective buildings as screens that protect the intra-quarter space from traffic noise.
12.6 Non-residential buildings can be used as screen buildings: shops, garages, public utilities; however, these buildings are typically no more than two storeys high, so their screening effect is low. The most effective are multi-storey noise-protective residential and administrative buildings.
12.7 As noise-protective residential buildings can be:
buildings with a special architectural and planning solution, providing for the orientation towards the source of noise (highway) of the ancillary premises of apartments (kitchens, bathrooms, toilets), outside apartment communications (staircases and elevators,
corridors), as well as no more than one room in apartments with three or more living rooms,
- buildings with noise-protective windows on the facade facing the highway, providing the required noise protection,
- buildings of a combined type - with a special architectural and planning solution and noise-protective windows in rooms oriented to the highway.
12.8 Noise-protective buildings should be designed and tied with the obligatory consideration of the requirements of insolation and standard air exchange, i.e. buildings with a special planning solution are unsuitable for building the north side of streets with a latitudinal orientation. Noise protection windows must have ventilation devices combined with noise silencers. The latter requirement does not apply to buildings with forced ventilation or air conditioning systems.
12.9 To ensure the maximum shielding effect, noise protection buildings should be sufficiently high and extended and located as close as possible to the noise source. They should be located at a minimum distance from main streets and railways, taking into account urban planning standards and soundproofing characteristics of external enclosing structures.
12.10 In the intra-quarter space in areas close to the transverse axes of buildings of the first echelon of development, buildings of preschool institutions, schools, clinics, and recreation areas should be located.
In the zones located opposite the gaps in the buildings of the first echelon of development, trade, public catering, public utilities, communications, etc. should be located.
12.11 To increase their effectiveness, noise barriers should be installed at the minimum allowable distance from the highway or railway, taking into account the requirements for traffic safety, road and vehicle operation.
12.12 Materials for the construction of wall screens must be durable, resistant to atmospheric factors and exhaust gases.
Sound-absorbing materials used for screen cladding must have stable physical, mechanical and acoustic characteristics, be bio and moisture resistant, and not emit harmful substances.

Annex A
(mandatory)

Basic terms and definitions
penetrating noise: Noise that occurs outside the room and penetrates into it through the building envelope, ventilation, water supply and heating systems.
constant noise: Noise, the sound level of which changes in time by no more than 5 dBA when measured on the “slow” time characteristic of the sound level meter according to GOST 17187.
intermittent noise: Noise, the sound level of which changes over time by more than 5 dBA when measured on the “slow” time characteristic of the sound level meter according to GOST 17187,
tonal noise: Noise whose spectrum contains audible discrete tones. The tonal nature of the noise is determined by measuring in a third of the octave frequency bands by exceeding the level in one band over the neighboring ones by at least 10 dB.
impulse noise: Intermittent noise, consisting of one or a series of sound signals (pulses), the sound levels of which (of which), measured in dBAI and dBA, respectively, on the time characteristics of the "impulse and" slowly "of the sound level meter according to GOST 17187, differ from each other by 7 dBA or more.
sound pressure level: Ten times the decimal logarithm of the ratio of the square of the sound pressure to the square of the threshold sound pressure (P o = 2 10 -5 Pa) in dB.
octave sound pressure level: Sound pressure level in the octave band in dB.
sound level: The sound pressure level of noise in the normalized frequency range, corrected according to the frequency response A of the sound level meter in accordance with GOST 17187, in dBA.
equivalent (energy) sound level: U the sound level of a constant noise that has the same r.m.s. sound pressure as the intermittent noise of interest over a specified time interval, in dBA.
maximum sound level: the sound level of non-constant noise corresponding to the maximum reading of a measuring, directly indicating instrument (sound level meter) during visual reading or the sound level exceeded during 1% of the duration of the measuring interval when noise is recorded by an automatic evaluating device (statistical analyzer).
impact sound insulation by flooring: The value characterizing the reduction of impact noise by overlapping.
airborne sound insulation (sound insulation) R, dB: The ability of a building envelope to reduce sound passing through it. In general terms, it is ten logarithms of the ratio of the sound energy incident on the fence to the energy passing through the fence. In this document, soundproofing of airborne noise means the reduction of sound pressure levels in dB provided by the fence separating two rooms, reduced to the conditions of equality of the area of the enclosing structure and the equivalent sound absorption area in the protected room.
(A.1)
where is the sound pressure level in the room with the sound source, dB;
- sound pressure level in the protected room, dB;
S - area of the building envelope m 2 ;
A is the equivalent sound absorption area in the protected room, m 2 .
reduced level of impact noise under the ceiling L n , dB: The value characterizing the impact noise insulation by the floor is the sound pressure level in the room under the floor when working on the floor of a standard impact machine, conditionally reduced to the equivalent sound absorption area in the room A o = 10m 2.
A standard impact machine has five hammers weighing 0.5 kg each, falling from a height of 4 cm at a frequency of 10 beats per second.
airborne sound insulation frequency response: The value of airborne noise isolation R, dB, in a third of octave frequency bands in the range of 100-3150 Hz (in graphical or tabular form).
frequency response of the reduced level of impact noise under the ceiling: The value of the reduced levels of impact noise under the ceiling L n dB, in a third of the octave frequency bands in the range of 100 - 3150 Hz (in graphical or tabular form).
airborne sound insulation index R w: A value used to evaluate the soundproofing ability of the fence in one number. Determined by comparing the frequency response of the airborne sound insulation to a specific evaluation curve in dB.
reduced impact sound level index L nw: A value used to evaluate the insulating capacity of a floor with respect to impact sound as a single number. It is determined by comparing the frequency response of the reduced floor impact sound level with a special evaluation curve in dB.
soundproofing window R Atran. : A value used to evaluate the airborne sound insulation of a window. Represents the isolation of external noise generated by the flow of urban traffic in dBA.
sound power: The amount of energy emitted by the noise source per unit time, W.
sound power level: Ten times the base 10 logarithm of the ratio of sound power to threshold sound power (w o =10 -12 W).
sound absorption coefficient a: The ratio of the magnitude of the sound energy not reflected from the surface to the magnitude of the incident energy.
equivalent absorption area(surface or object): Surface area with a sound absorption coefficient a=1 (totally absorbing sound) that absorbs the same amount of sound energy as the given surface or object.
average sound absorption coefficient a cf: The ratio of the total equivalent absorption area in the room A sum. (including the absorption of all surfaces, equipment and people) to the total area of all surfaces of the room, S sum.
. (A.2)
noise maps of the road network, railways, air transport, industrial zones and individual industrial and energy facilities: Maps of territories with noise sources with plotted lines of different sound levels on the ground in dBA with an interval of 5 dBA.
soundproof buildings: Residential buildings with a special architectural and planning solution, in which the living rooms of one- and two-room apartments and two rooms of three-room apartments face the opposite side of the city highway.
soundproof windows: Windows with special ventilation devices that provide increased sound insulation while ensuring standard air exchange in the room.
noise screens: Structures in the form of a wall, earth embankment, galleries installed along roads and railways in order to reduce noise.
reverberation: The phenomenon of a gradual decline in sound energy in a room after the sound source stops working.
reverberation time T: V The time it takes for the sound pressure level to drop by 60 dB after the sound source is turned off.

LLC "Izolon-Trade" is the official dealer of JSC "Izhevsk Plastics Plant" in Moscow.

At all times, people have built, are building, and will build their own homes. The house as a place of rest, creating a family, a sense of self-sufficiency is a value for all time. A house is a place in front of which you need to plant a tree, raise a child in it - and the minimum life program has been completed.
When building a house, from ancient times until now, the builder solves the same problems: the house must be insulated, it must be quiet and dry in it.

Thermal insulation of the house, its walls, floor, roof- the most important task facing the builder. Insulation reduces heat loss from the house to the environment. The heat-insulating material is characterized by a porous structure, low density and low thermal conductivity.

Organic insulation polyethylene foam Isolon- promising heat-insulating polymer insulation. Foamed polyethylene is affordable, it has equal performance and technical characteristics with polyurethane foam and expanded polystyrene. The Russian brand of polyethylene foam Isolon (Izolon) is the highest quality line of materials, with the largest assortment. Many types and brands are produced: polyethylene foam radiation (physically) cross-linked, that is, cross-linked by irradiation at the molecular level, Isolon 500 (Izolon PPE), Isolon 500 SV foam savilen (Izolon PSEV), chemically cross-linked Isolon 300 (Izolon PPE NH) and Isolon gas-foamed polyethylene 100 (Izolon NPE).

Physically and chemically foamed Isolon polyethylene foams have excellent thermal insulation properties, they are vapor-tight, with practically zero water absorption coefficient and operating t up to plus 100 degrees Celsius. In terms of soundproofing and vibration-proofing qualities and service life, polystyrene foam is superior. At the same time, Izolon is much cheaper than polyurethane foam.
Gas-filled polyethylene foams (the most famous brands are Izolon NPE, Pleneks, Isonel, Teploflex, Energoflex, Tepofol, Penolin) are foamed from high-pressure polyethylene with propane-butane gas, etc.

On the basis of Isolon polyethylene foam, reflective insulation is also produced - heat-reflecting foil materials PPE (Isolon 500 LA) and NPE (Isolon 100 LA) with aluminum foil welded to them, or a metallized film. It has good heat-reflecting and heat-insulating properties. With a small thickness, reflective insulation complements massive insulation, such as mineral wool and extruded polystyrene foam. It is represented in Russia by the brands Isolon 500 LA foil and materials of a lower quality, according to their characteristics, level: Penofol, Teplofol, Energofol, Tepofol, etc. It is necessary to distinguish foil materials based on NPE (Penofol, Teplofol, Energofol, Tepofol, etc.) and Izolon foil based on PPE (foil isolone). The foil material Isolon 500 LA is an order of magnitude superior to them in terms of its characteristics.

Noise isolation

Noise isolation at home- the most important requirement for comfort. Both at home and at work, extraneous noises constantly annoy us. Street noise, the sounds of repairs in the neighborhood and the clatter in the stairwell, the noise of the TV and annoying, not at all to your taste, music from the neighbors late at night. At work, noise also interferes with work, preventing you from concentrating. In England, studies were conducted on the impact of noise on health, and it turned out that about three thousand people die every year from heart disease caused by excessive noise.

The sound-proofing materials Isolon (Izolon) presented by us under the screed and parquet board and laminate, Isolontape self-adhesive (Izolontape), Isolon underlay for wallpaper Ecohit and Polyfom for wallpaper (not available today) solve the problems of sound insulation and vibration isolation of rooms, improving the quality of your life.

Isolon 500, Isolon 300, EcoHeat substrate for screed or Isolon blocks, laid as a soundproof elastic gasket in the Floating floor and Underfloor heating systems, will reduce the echo of your room and save you from scandals with neighbors, because by using Isolon you will get reliable insulation of your apartment from neighboring . Izolon or EcoHeat underlay under laminate flooring work on a smaller scale but in a similar way.

Isolontape self-adhesive polyethylene foam perfectly soundproofs building structures and engineering communications of houses, apartments and offices: walls, roofs, air ducts of all types, etc. Easy installation of Isolontape is ensured by the excellent adhesive properties of this material, and the modification of Isolontape foil (Isolontape LA) provides improved thermal insulation.

The EcoHeat underlay for wallpaper made of Izolon 500 is not only an additional insulation, but also a soundproofing of the walls. This heat-insulating substrate for wallpaper is very popular due to the decline in the quality of capital housing construction and when insulating old houses by the residents themselves.

All heaters according to their type are divided into two groups: produced from organic and inorganic raw materials.

Inorganic materials for insulation, advantages and disadvantages:

1. Fibrous insulation type "mineral wool", composed of fine mineral fibres. Thermal insulation type mineral wool, divided into glass fiber wool, so-called glass wool; rock wool and slag wool, with a base of metallurgical slag and industrial waste.

Mineral wool insulation is traditional, and its use is widespread. It has good thermal insulation characteristics, is resistant to alkaline and acidic environments, is non-combustible and works at up to plus 700 degrees Celsius (for basalt wool, the melting point of which is 900 degrees Celsius).

The disadvantages of mineral wool insulation are excessive hygroscopicity (mandatory additional vapor barrier is required), harmful phenol-formaldehyde binders contained in it, and shrinkage after some time of operation. When insulating a house, mineral wool produces dust, causing irritation on the skin.

2. Others: foam glass, aerated concrete, perlite, vermiculite, etc. They have good thermal insulation parameters, but are not very common.

Organic materials for insulation, advantages and disadvantages:

1. Thermal insulation from vegetable raw materials: cork, reeds (reeds); shevelin (tow); fibrolite (wood chips, wood shavings, straw); isolmin (50% tow, 50% mineral wool); heat-insulating slabs of peat; wood concrete (waste lumber mixed with liquid glass, water and cement), etc. They have good thermal insulation parameters and are environmentally friendly. But they are mostly combustible, have high water absorption (mandatory vapor barrier with vapor barrier films is required), are prone to decay and are not very common.

2. Modern effective polymeric cellular heaters based on hydrocarbons: polystyrene foam (polystyrene) of the PSB and PSB-S type and extruded polystyrene foam (extrusive polystyrene foam), polyurethane foam and polyethylene foam, called heat-insulating plastics or foam plastics. These are low-density heaters, with a closed-pore structure of cavities that do not communicate with each other and are filled with air or gas.

Polyethylene foam insulation (see above).

Insulation foam polystyrene (polystyrene) grades PSB and PSB-S are produced with plates with good thermal insulation properties, work at up to plus 70 degrees Celsius. The disadvantage is fragility and water absorption; when insulating with foam, mandatory vapor barrier with vapor barrier films is required.

Extruded polystyrene foam- lightweight foam with good thermal insulation properties, operates at temperatures up to plus 75 degrees Celsius and slight water absorption. Extruded polystyrene foam is used at high humidity (foundations, exploited roofs), more resistant to mechanical stress than PSB and PSB-S foam, does not rot, is not toxic. It is best known in Russia for the brands Penoplex and Styrodur (STYRODUR).

polyurethane foam produced by reacting a liquid polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate (polyisocyanate) with a liquid polyol, either by extrusion, casting, or moulding.
Lightweight, mechanically strong foam plastic with high thermal insulation properties and a long service life (at least 25 years). Polyurethane foam is used in the form of shells for thermal insulation of pipelines, gas pipelines and oil pipelines. Polyurethane foam is widely used as the middle layer in sandwich panels. It does not burn, is not hygroscopic, mechanically strong and durable.

INTRODUCTION

1 REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR SOUND INSULATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL STRUCTURES

Noise isolation

Inorganic materials for insulation, advantages and disadvantages:

Organic materials for insulation, advantages and disadvantages:

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